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Underlying Yucca Mountain: The Interplay of Geology and Policy in Nuclear Waste Disposal
Underlying Yucca Mountain: The Interplay of Geology and Policy in Nuclear Waste Disposal
Nuclear waste disposal in the USA is a difficult policy issue infused with science, technology, and politics. This issue provides an example of the co-production of scientific knowledge and politics through public policy. The proponents of a repository site at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, argue that their decision to go ahead with the site is based on ‘sound science’, but the science they use to uphold their decision is influenced by politics. In turn, the politics of site selection has been altered by the scientific knowledge produced.
Regulatory History
Regulatory History
THE WIPP JOURNEY TO WASTE RECEIPT
THE WIPP JOURNEY TO WASTE RECEIPT
In the early 1970s the federal government selected an area in southeastern New Mexico containing large underground salt beds as potentially suitable for radioactive waste disposal. An extensive site characterization program was initiated by the federal government. This site became the "Waste Isolation Pilot Plant," better known as WIPP. It is now 1997, over two decades after the initial selection of the New Mexico site as a potential radioactive waste repository.
Siting Challenges in the Context of Integrated Nuclear Waste Management
Siting Challenges in the Context of Integrated Nuclear Waste Management
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment: Richton Dome Site, Mississippi Volume II
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment: Richton Dome Site, Mississippi Volume II
The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (the NWPA) (42 USC Sections 10101-10226) requires the environmental assessment to include a detailed statement of the basis for nominating a site as suitable for characterization. This detailed statement is to be an evaluation of site suitability under the DOE siting guidelines; the evaluation will be the basis for the comparison of sites reported in Chapter 7. Such an evaluation for the Richton Dome site is presented in Sections 6.2, 6.3, and 6.4 of this chapter, and is based in part on impacts associated with the reference repository design.
CHARACTERIZATION OF CRYSTALLINE ROCKS IN THE LAKE SUPERIOR REGION, USA: IMPLICATIONS FOR NUCLEAR WASTE ISOLATION
CHARACTERIZATION OF CRYSTALLINE ROCKS IN THE LAKE SUPERIOR REGION, USA: IMPLICATIONS FOR NUCLEAR WASTE ISOLATION
The Lake Superior region (Wisconsin, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and Minnesota) contains 41 Precambrian crystalline (medium- to coarse-grained igneous and high-grade mstamorphic) rock complexes comprising 64 individual but related rock bodies with known surface exposures. Each complex has a map area greater than 78 km2. About 54% of the rock complexes have areas of up to 500 km2, 15% fall between 500 km2 and 1000 km2, 19% lie between 1000 km2 and 2500 km2, and 12% are over 2500 km2. Crystalline rocks of the region vary widely in composition, but they are predominantly granitic.
Options for Developing Public and Stakeholder Engagement for the Storage and Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) and High Level Waste (HLW) in the United States
Options for Developing Public and Stakeholder Engagement for the Storage and Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) and High Level Waste (HLW) in the United States
This report puts forth a number of options and recommendations for how to engage stakeholders and other members of the public in the storage and management of spent nuclear fuel and high level waste in the United States. The options are generated from a scientific review of existing publications proposing criteria for assessing past efforts to engage publics and stakeholders in decision-making about risky technologies.
Radioactive Waste Isolation in Salt: Peer Review of the Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation's Reports on Preferred Repository Sites within the Palo Duro Basin, Texas
Radioactive Waste Isolation in Salt: Peer Review of the Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation's Reports on Preferred Repository Sites within the Palo Duro Basin, Texas
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment, Overview, Davis Canyon Site, Utah
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment, Overview, Davis Canyon Site, Utah
In February 1983, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) identified the Davis Canyon site in Utah as one of the nine potentially acceptable sites for a mined geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. To determine their suitability, the Davis Canyon site and the eight other potentially acceptable sites have been evaluated in accordance with the DOE's General Guidelines for the Recommendation of Sites for the Nuclear Waste Repositories.
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment, Reference Repository Location, Hanford Site, Washington, Volume III, pages 801-900
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment, Reference Repository Location, Hanford Site, Washington, Volume III, pages 801-900
This appendix responds to the issues raised by Federal, State, and local governments, affected Indian Tribes, private citizens, and other organizations on the draft environmental assessment (EA) that was prepared pursuant to Section 112 of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (the Act). In addition to presenting the issues raised in the comments and the responses, it describes where changes were made in the final EA.
Part 1 - Draft - Area Recommendation Report for the Crystalline Repository Project, Volume 1
Part 1 - Draft - Area Recommendation Report for the Crystalline Repository Project, Volume 1
This Draft Area Recommendation Report for the Crystalline Repository Project identifies portions of crystalline rock bodies as proposed potentially acceptable sites for consideration in the second high-level radioactive waste repository program. <br>The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) evaluated available geologic and environmental data for 235 crystalline rock bodies in the North Central, Northeastern, and Southeastern Regions to identify preliminary candidate areas.
SCOPING STUDY OF SALT DOMES, BASALTS AND CRYSTALLINE ROCK AS RELATED TO LONG TERM RISK MODELING FOR DEEP GEOLOGIC DISPOSAL OF NUCLEAR WASTE
SCOPING STUDY OF SALT DOMES, BASALTS AND CRYSTALLINE ROCK AS RELATED TO LONG TERM RISK MODELING FOR DEEP GEOLOGIC DISPOSAL OF NUCLEAR WASTE
The purpose of this study is to provide a preliminary geotechnical data base sufficient to initiate the development of Long-Term Risk Models (LTRM), for salt domes, basalt and crystalline rock, and identify technical issues requiring additional investigation.
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) Environmental Assessment Overview, Reference Repository Location, Hanford Site, Washington
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) Environmental Assessment Overview, Reference Repository Location, Hanford Site, Washington
In February 1983, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) identified a reference repository location at the Hanford Site in Washington as one of the nine potentially acceptable sites for a mined geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. The site is in the Columbia Plateau, which is one of five distinct geohydrologic settings considered for the first repository.
Recommendation by the Secretary of Energy Regarding the Suitability of the Yucca Mountain Site for a Repository under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982
Recommendation by the Secretary of Energy Regarding the Suitability of the Yucca Mountain Site for a Repository under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982
For more than half a century, since nuclear science helped us win World War II and ring in the Atomic Age, scientists have known that the Nation would need a secure, permanent facility in which to dispose of radioactive wastes. Twenty years ago, when Congress adopted the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA or "the Act"), it recognized the overwhelming consensus in the scientific community that the best option for such a facility would be a deep underground repository.
Nuclear Waste Facility Siting and Local Opposition
Nuclear Waste Facility Siting and Local Opposition
On the historic evidence, but also for the distinctive qualities of the challenge, nuclear waste siting conflicts are assuredly among the most refractory in the large variety of NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard) facility siting disputes. Since the president brought the Yucca Mountain process to a halt in 2010 (or, more accurately, issued its death certificate), the search for a permanent waste fuel repository is at the starting line again.
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment, Yucca Mountain Site, Nevada Research and Development Area, Nevada, Volume 1
Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112) - Environmental Assessment, Yucca Mountain Site, Nevada Research and Development Area, Nevada, Volume 1
By the end of this century, the United States plans to begin operating the first geologic repository for the permanent disposal of commercial spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive Waste. Public Law 97-425, the Nuclear waste Policy Act of 1982 (the Act), specifies the process for selecting a repository site, and constructing, operating, closing, and decommissioning the repository.
Disposal and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel--Finding the Right Balance, A report to Congress and the Secretary of Energy
Disposal and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel--Finding the Right Balance, A report to Congress and the Secretary of Energy
The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, as amended, established a statutory basis<br/>for managing the nation’s civilian (or commercially produced) spent nuclear<br/>fuel. The law established a process for siting, developing, licensing, and constructing<br/>an underground repository for the permanent disposal of that waste.<br/>Utilities were given the primary responsibility for storing spent fuel until it is<br/>accepted by the federal government for disposal at a repository, which originally<br/>was expected to begin operating in 1998.
Draft - Area Recommendation Report for the Crystalline Repository Project, Overview
Draft - Area Recommendation Report for the Crystalline Repository Project, Overview
The draft Area Recommendation Report (ARR) for the Crystalline<br/>Repository Project identifies portions of crystalline rock bodies as<br/>proposed potentially acceptable sites for the Nation's second repository<br/>for deep geologic burial of high-level radioactive waste and spent<br/>nuclear fuel. This overview provides a brief summary of that report.<br/>The U.S.
Geological Problems in Radioactive Waste Isolation Second Worldwide Review Part 3 Ch 18 -27
Geological Problems in Radioactive Waste Isolation Second Worldwide Review Part 3 Ch 18 -27
The first world wide review of the geological problems in radioactive waste isolation was published by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 1991. This review was a compilation of reports that had been submitted to a workshop held in conjunction with the 28th International Geological Congress that took place July 9-19,1989 in Washington, D.C.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Public Health and Safety Standards for Yucca Mountain, Nevada (40 CFR Part 197) - 9072
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Public Health and Safety Standards for Yucca Mountain, Nevada (40 CFR Part 197) - 9072
In 2001, as directed by the Energy Policy Act of 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued public health and environmental radiation protection standards for the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Several parties sued the Agency on a myriad of aspects of the rule. The Court ruled in EPA’s favor in all aspects of the case but one, and returned the standards to the Agency in 2004. In 2005, EPA proposed amendments to the standards. Following public hearings and a public review period, the final amendments were issued in September 2008.
Appendix C - Report of the Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future - Report to the Secretary of Energy
Appendix C - Report of the Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future - Report to the Secretary of Energy
The Blue Ribbon Commission on America_s Nuclear Future (BRC) was formed by the Secretary<br>of Energy at the request of the President to conduct a comprehensive review of policies for<br>managing the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle and recommend a new strate
OECD/NEA: United States
OECD/NEA: United States
Response to "Multiattribute Utility Analysis of Sites Nominated for Characterization for the First Radioactive-Waste Repository"
Response to "Multiattribute Utility Analysis of Sites Nominated for Characterization for the First Radioactive-Waste Repository"
Permian Basin Location Recommendation Report
Permian Basin Location Recommendation Report
Candidate study areas are screened from the Palo Duro and Dalhart Basin areas using data obtained from studies to date and criteria and specifications that consider: rock geometry; rock characteristics; human intrusion potential; surface characteristics; and environmental and socioeconomic conditions. Two preferred locations are recommended from among these areas for additional characterization to identify potential National Waste Terminal Storage (NWTS) salt repository sites.