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Geological Challenges in Radioactive Waste Isolation
Geological Challenges in Radioactive Waste Isolation
Over the past forty years, the development of the technology needed to isolate radioactive waste in underground rock systems has been found to be a formidable problem. This is especially the case in connection with high-level waste (HLW) after its removal from operations in nuclear power plants. There is also the additional problem of isolating low- and intermediate-level waste (LILW).
Geological Challenges in Radioactive Waste Isolation Third Worldwide Review
Geological Challenges in Radioactive Waste Isolation Third Worldwide Review
The first worldwide review of geological problems in radioactive waste isolation was published by the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) in 1991 (Witherspoon, 1991). This review was a compilation of reports that had been submitted to a workshop held in conjunction with the 28th International Geological Congress that took place July 9Ð19, 1989, in Washington, D.C.
Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste in Japan
Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste in Japan
Development of Repository Concepts for Volunteer Siting Environments
Development of Repository Concepts for Volunteer Siting Environments
The primary objective of government policy, and of NUMO in implementing this policy is to ensure that a repository for Japan’s high-level radioactive waste is designed and located so as to provide secure isolation of the waste and adequate safety for present and future generations. This requires that the site of a repository has to be chosen carefully and an associated repository concept is selected which is appropriate for its specific geological and environmental conditions. At NUMO, we have chosen to implement a volunteering approach to siting.
Stakeholder Dialogue: Experience and Analysis
Stakeholder Dialogue: Experience and Analysis
The report begins with a consideration of the factors which have led to a growth in the use of dialogue processes, a clarification of key concepts and a classification of dialogue processes. A description of recent and current activities in Europe and North America is followed by discussion of the relationship of processes and contexts. This then leads to an identification of the key aims and evaluation criteria which will be used in the design of dialogue processes to be conducted in subsequent phases of the project.
Nuclear waste management from a local perspective: Reflections for a Better Governance Final Report
Nuclear waste management from a local perspective: Reflections for a Better Governance Final Report
During the 1990s, nuclear waste programmes in nearly every concerned country met many difficulties. Nuclear waste management was seen as a technical issue, and the local communities were only involved in the last stage of the decision-making process when almost all components of the decision were already fixed. The management of high level radioactive waste is now recognised as a complex decision-making process entailing technical, ethical, social, political and economic dimensions where no solution can be reached solely on the basis of technical considerations.
Socio-Technical Challenges to Implementing Geological Disposal: a Synthesis of Findings from 14 Countries
Socio-Technical Challenges to Implementing Geological Disposal: a Synthesis of Findings from 14 Countries
This report aims to clarify the dynamics of socio-technical challenges in the implementation of geological disposal (GD) for High Level Waste (HLW) and Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF). Drawing on the 14 country reports produced within InSOTEC’s WP1 the synthesis focuses on socio-technical challenges that appear across national contexts. The synthesis report elucidates issues made visible through bringing together the analyses of different national contexts.
European Union Contract Number: FP6-036413. Deliverable 22. ARGONA Project, Suggested Guidelines for Transparency and Participation in Nuclear Waste Management Programmes
European Union Contract Number: FP6-036413. Deliverable 22. ARGONA Project, Suggested Guidelines for Transparency and Participation in Nuclear Waste Management Programmes
These proposed guidelines are recommendations that have emerged from the European Union Research Project ARGONA (Arenas for Risk Governance), Contract no.: FP6-036413
Summary of National and International Radioactive Waste Management Programs 1979
Summary of National and International Radioactive Waste Management Programs 1979
Many nations and international agencies are working to develop improved technology and industrial capability for nuclear fuel cycle and waste management operations. The effort in some countries is limited to research in university laboratories on treating low-level waste from reactor plant operations.
Handling and final disposal of nuclear waste. September 1986
Handling and final disposal of nuclear waste. September 1986
The Act on Nuclear Activities (SFS 1984:3) obligates the owners of the Swedish nuclear power plants to<br/>jointly prepare a comprehensive programme for the research and development work and other measures<br/>required for the safe management and disposal of the waste from nuclear power.<br/>For those parts of the waste system that have already been taken into operation or are under construction - transportation and handling systems, central interim storage facility for spent nuclear fuel (CLAB) and final repository for reactor waste (SFR) - the research and development st
Design and Evaluation of Public Hearings for Swedish Site Selection A Report from the RISCOM II Project
Design and Evaluation of Public Hearings for Swedish Site Selection A Report from the RISCOM II Project
Public hearings were held in the Swedish municipalities of Östhammar, Tierp and Älvkarleby, Hultsfred and Oskarshamn and in Nyköping in February of 2001. The municipalities had taken part in feasibility studies, conducted by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co. (SKB), in the previous years. The hearings were organised by the Swedish regulatory authorities, i.e. the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate (SKI) and the Swedish Radiation Protection Authority (SSI) and aimed at complementing the authorities’ reviews of SKB’s work and plans.
Treatment and final disposal of nuclear waste: Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory
Treatment and final disposal of nuclear waste: Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory
The scientific investigations within SKB 's research programme are a part of the work<br/>of designing a deep repository and identifying and investigating a suitable site.<br/>A balanced appraisal of the facts, requirements and assessments presented in connection<br/>with the preparation of R&D-Programme 86 11/led to the proposal to construct<br/>an underground research laboratory.
Council Directive 2011/70/EURATOM of 19 July 2011 establishing a Community framework for the responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste
Council Directive 2011/70/EURATOM of 19 July 2011 establishing a Community framework for the responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste
Council Directive 2011/70/EURATOM of 19 July 2011 establishing a Community framework for the responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste
RD&D Programme 2010: Programme for research, development, and demonstration of methods for the management and disposal of nuclear waste
RD&D Programme 2010: Programme for research, development, and demonstration of methods for the management and disposal of nuclear waste
RD&D Programme 2010 presents SKB’s plans for research, development and demonstration during<br/>the period 2011–2016. SKB’s activities are divided into two main areas: the programme for low- and<br/>intermediate-level waste (the LILW Programme) and the Nuclear Fuel Programme.
Sweden's Third National Report Under the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management, Swedish Implementation of the Obligations of the Joint Convention
Sweden's Third National Report Under the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management, Swedish Implementation of the Obligations of the Joint Convention
This report is issued according to Article 32 of the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management.<br/>Sweden signed the Joint Convention September 29, 1997, the first day it was open for signing, during the ongoing General Conference at IAEA.
Sweden's Second National Report Under the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management, Sweden National Report
Sweden's Second National Report Under the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management, Sweden National Report
Spent fuel in Sweden emanates mainly from four commercial nuclear power plants, one material testing<br/>reactor and one research reactor. The radioactive waste originates from the nuclear power industry as well<br/>as medical use, industry, research and consumer products.
Geosphere Performance Indices: Comparative measures for site selection and safety assesment of deep waste repositories
Geosphere Performance Indices: Comparative measures for site selection and safety assesment of deep waste repositories
The concept of Geosphere Perfonnance Indices (GPis) is proposed. The "performance"<br/>refers to the geosphere's capacity to retain/contain radionuclides in the event of their accidental<br/>release at some point in time. The GPis are based on the Lagrangian stochastic-analytical<br/>framework for transport in the subsurface and are believed to render useful tools in performance<br/>assessment studies in general and in the site selection process in particular.
RD&D Programme 2007: Programme for research, development, and demonstration of methods for the management and disposal of nuclear waste
RD&D Programme 2007: Programme for research, development, and demonstration of methods for the management and disposal of nuclear waste
RD&D Programme 2007 presents SKB’s plans for research, development and demonstration during<br/>the period 2008–2013. The plans for the first three-year period are for natural reasons more detailed<br/>than those for the next one.
OECD/NEA: Japan
OECD/NEA: Japan
Structure for Transparency in Nuclear Waste Management
Structure for Transparency in Nuclear Waste Management
The purpose of this report is a comparison of the structures for nuclear waste management in France, Sweden and UK. The source materials for this comparison are studies carried out in each of these countries by Syncho Ltd. over the past 5 years. The Swedish structural review was sponsored by SKI and SSI, and carried out as a pilot study during the years 1996 and 1997 (Espejo & Gill, 1998) as part of the RISCOM I project.
Transparency and Public Participation in Radioactive Waste Management: RISCOM II Final report
Transparency and Public Participation in Radioactive Waste Management: RISCOM II Final report
Long-term radioactive waste management (RWM) involves large and long-term research and development programmes in essentially all countries with civil nuclear programmes. Such programmes develop through different phases from basic research to more focussed applied research and development (R&D) and finally to the design and siting of proposed solutions. Internationally basic principles for the conduct of these programmes, basic safety principles and guidance on how to comply with them have largely been agreed upon.
Swedish Nuclear Waste Efforts
Swedish Nuclear Waste Efforts
The 1976 Parliamentary election in Sweden resulted in a coalition government which imposed extremely stringent requirements for the waste produced by Swedish nuclear power plants. The industry responded with a crash study, the Nuclear Fuel Safety (KBS) project, with experts drawn from hundreds of universities and related scientific institutions. A year later, the industry presented “a complete scheme for absolutely safe storage of nuclear waste” in engineered facilities located at about 500 m depth in the Swedish granite bedrock (KBS-I).
RD&D-Programme 98 Treatment and final disposal of nuclear waste Programme for research, development and demonstration of encapsulation and geological disposal
RD&D-Programme 98 Treatment and final disposal of nuclear waste Programme for research, development and demonstration of encapsulation and geological disposal
During the next few years, SKB will add the results of county studies and additional feasibility studies to the background data for siting of the deep repository. We plan to be able to choose at least two sites for site investigations in 2001. The investigations, which will include test drillings, should be able to be started in 2002. An important milestone will thereby be passed in the siting work.<br/><br/>The technology for deep disposal will be tested on full scale at our laboratories in Oskarshamn.
Treatment and final disposal of nuclear waste Programme for research, development, demonstration and other measures
Treatment and final disposal of nuclear waste Programme for research, development, demonstration and other measures
The goal of radioactive waste management in Sweden is to dispose of all radioactive waste products generated at the Swedish nuclear power plants in a safe manner. Furthermore, all other radioactive waste that arises in Sweden shall be safely disposed of. The Act on Nuclear Activities /1-1/ requires that the owners of the Swedish nuclear power plants adopt the measures that are needed to achieve this goal. The owners of the Swedish nuclear power plants have commissioned the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) to implement the measures that are needed.