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OECD/NEA: Austria
OECD/NEA: Austria
National Radioactive Waste Management Act 2012, No. 29, 2012
National Radioactive Waste Management Act 2012, No. 29, 2012
An Act to make provision in relation to the selection of a site for, and the establishment and operation of, a radioactive waste management facility, and for related purposes
OECD/NEA: Australia
OECD/NEA: Australia
Geological Challenges in Radioactive Waste Isolation
Geological Challenges in Radioactive Waste Isolation
Over the past forty years, the development of the technology needed to isolate radioactive waste in underground rock systems has been found to be a formidable problem. This is especially the case in connection with high-level waste (HLW) after its removal from operations in nuclear power plants. There is also the additional problem of isolating low- and intermediate-level waste (LILW).
The Partnership Approach to Siting and Developing Radioactive Waste Management Facilities
The Partnership Approach to Siting and Developing Radioactive Waste Management Facilities
History shows that the search for sites for radioactive waste management facilities has been marred by conflicts and delays. Affected communities have often objected that their concerns and interests were not addressed. In response, institutions have progressively turned away from the traditional “decide, announce and defend” model, and are learning to “engage, interact and co-operate”. This shift has fostered the emergence of partnerships between the proponent of the facility and the potential host community, as shown in a recent NEA study.
Development of Repository Concepts for Volunteer Siting Environments
Development of Repository Concepts for Volunteer Siting Environments
The primary objective of government policy, and of NUMO in implementing this policy is to ensure that a repository for Japan’s high-level radioactive waste is designed and located so as to provide secure isolation of the waste and adequate safety for present and future generations. This requires that the site of a repository has to be chosen carefully and an associated repository concept is selected which is appropriate for its specific geological and environmental conditions. At NUMO, we have chosen to implement a volunteering approach to siting.
Locating a radioactive waste repository in the ring of fire
Locating a radioactive waste repository in the ring of fire
The scientific, technical, and sociopolitical challenges of finding a secure site for a geological repository for radioactive wastes have created a long and stony path for many countries. Japan carried out many years of research and development before taking its first steps in site selection.
H12: Project to Establish the Scientific and Technical Basis for HLW Disposal in Japan Project Overview Report
H12: Project to Establish the Scientific and Technical Basis for HLW Disposal in Japan Project Overview Report
As outlined in the overall program for high-level waste (HLW) management in Japan, defined by the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), HWL separated from spent nuclear fuel during reprocessing will be immobilized in a glass matrix and stored for a period of 30 to 50 years to allow cooling; it will then be disposed of in a stable deep geological formation.
Evaluating Site Suitability for a HLW Repository
Evaluating Site Suitability for a HLW Repository
The primary objective of government policy, and of NUMO in implementing this policy, is to
ensure that a repository for Japan’s high-level radioactive waste is located so as to provide
secure isolation of the waste and adequate safety for present and future generations. This
means that the site has to be chosen carefully, taking full account of all its characteristics. In
order to address these characteristics in an orderly and structured manner, we have established
H12: Project to Establish the Scientific and Technical Basis for HLW Disposal in Japan Supplementary Report Background of Geologic Disposal
H12: Project to Establish the Scientific and Technical Basis for HLW Disposal in Japan Supplementary Report Background of Geologic Disposal
Radioactive waste is produced from a wide range of human activities. The wastes arising from the nuclear fuel cycle occur as a wide range of materials and in many different physical and chemical forms, contaminated with varying activities of radionuclides. Their common feature is the potential hazard associated with their radioactivity and the need to manage them in such a way as to protect the human environment. The safe disposal of radioactive waste is a key reequirement of the nuclear industry worldwide.
The NUMO Structured Approach to HLW Disposal in Japan
The NUMO Structured Approach to HLW Disposal in Japan
The constraints set by the Japanese HLW disposal programme – particularly associated with
the decision to initiate siting by an open call for volunteers to host a geological repository –
pose particular challenges for repository project management. In order to maintain the
flexibility required to respond to the conditions found at volunteer sites, NUMO has not
published reference designs or site characterisation plans, as is normal for programmes
progressing by site nomination. Instead, we have developed a methodology – the NUMO
Factors Affecting Public and Political Acceptance for the Implementation of Geological Disposal
Factors Affecting Public and Political Acceptance for the Implementation of Geological Disposal
The main objective of this report is to identify conditions which affect public concern (either
increase or decrease) and political acceptance for developing and implementing programmes
for geologic disposal of long-lived radioactive waste. It also looks how citizens and relevant
actors can be associated in the decision making process in such a way that their input is
enriching the outcome towards a more socially robust and sustainable solution. Finally, it
aims at learning from the interaction how to optimise risk management addressing needs and
OECD/NEA: Japan
OECD/NEA: Japan
Summary of National and International Radioactive Waste Management Programs 1979
Summary of National and International Radioactive Waste Management Programs 1979
Many nations and international agencies are working to develop improved technology and industrial capability for nuclear fuel cycle and waste management operations. The effort in some countries is limited to research in university laboratories on treating low-level waste from reactor plant operations.