Searching for the location of risky or unpleasant objects is becoming increasingly difficult task. Slovenia is for the number of years now in the process of search for the location of the low and intermediate waste (LILW) repository. Social acceptability of this facility is currently the main problem in this search. Efforts in this direction are presented in all its diversity, with weaknesses and successes, addressing also the context of the whole process, but especially considering different aspects of public participation.

The case study presented in this document was carried out in the framework of the second work package (influence of local actors on national decision-making processes) of the European research project COWAM 2. The study aims at analysing the process of independent assessment of the research programme of the French National Radioactive Waste Management Agency (ANDRA), commissioned to the Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (IEER) by the Local Committee of Information and Monitoring (CLIS) associated to the underground research laboratory of Bure.

The Law of 30 December 1991 Loi n¯ 91-1381 du 30 dÇcembre 1991 relative aux recherches sur la gestion des dÇchets radioactifs. conferred on Andra the task of assessing the feasibility of a high-level, long-lived waste (HLLL waste) repository in a deep geological formation. This volume of the Dossier 2005 Argile reports on the results of the study from the standpoint of the architecture and management of such a repository. It is based on the characteristics of the clay formation studied in an underground research laboratory located in the Meuse and Haute-Marne departments.

After an exhaustive review process that encompassed EPAÕs proposed rule, as presented in the Federal Register Notice, as well as the reference materials cited in that Notice, Nevada concludes that EPAÕs proposed standard is inconsistent with the recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences (as required by the Energy Policy Act of 1992) and the July 9, 2004 ruling of the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia.

Finland signed the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management on 2 October 1997 and deposited the tools of acceptance on 10 February 2000. The Convention entered into force on 18 June 2001. The major generators of radioactive waste in Finland are the two nuclear power plants, the Loviisa and Olkiluoto plants. The Loviisa plant has two PWR units, operated by Fortum Power and Heat Oy, and the Olkiluoto plant two BWR units, operated by Teollisuuden Voima Oy.

In Austria there is neither a nuclear power plant (NPP) nor any other fuel cycle facility in op- eration. One NPP was constructed in Zwentendorf in the 1970s, but, as a consequence of the negative vote in a referendum never put into operation. Two out of three research reactors in Austria have been shut down (ASTRA Seibersdorf in 2000, SIEMENS Argonaut Graz in 2004) and are currently under decommissioning. The remaining TRIGA research reactor in Vienna is still in operation. Spent nuclear fuel is stored on site in wet or dry storage facilities.

This Report gives an outline of Ireland’s national policy, State institutional framework and general legislation governing all aspects of the implementation of the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management in Ireland. It also sets out measures adopted to implement the relevant obligations of the Convention noting that Ireland does not have any spent nuclear fuel to deal with.

Radioactive waste management constitutes the final step in the using of radioactive material as fuel for reactor research or as radioisotopes in research, medicine or industry. In compliance with the principal of protecting the public, the environment and to not impose undue burdens on future generation Morocco signed the joint convention in September 1997 and ratified it in May 1999 Morocco has a research nuclear centre (CENM) where we have our facilities to treat radioactive waste generated at national level.

The Korean government has maintained a consistent national policy for stable energy supply by fostering nuclear power industries under the insufficient energy resources in the country. Nuclear power reached approximately 40 % of total domestic electricity generation. Since the commencement of the first commercial operation of Kori Unit 1 in April 1978, 20 units of NPPs are commercially operating as of October 2005. Four units out of the 20 operating NPPs are Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) at Wolsong.